B. Global IPPE Program Objectives

1. IPPE PROGRAM AND ACTIVITIES

Student involved in the IPPE programs and activities will participate in the following elements of pharmacy practice functions:

1. Practice management activities
   1. Comply with federal, state, and local laws and regulations
   2. Perform intern functions within the practice site drug distribution system
   3. Demonstrate understanding of the methods used to maintain desirable inventor levels of pharmaceuticals at the practice site
   4. Articulate the factors required to select cost-effective supply sources for various pharmaceutical products
   5. Utilize available technology required for the pharmacy operations (computers, counting machines, cash registers, etc.)
   6. Articulate the elements necessary to provide quality care at the pharmacy practice setting
   7. Document information regarding patient care in appropriate locations in patient record systems or in the pharmacy record systems
   8. Participate in practice management activities as allowed and as appropriated to the individual practice setting
2. Medication use systems including various technology and pharmacy informatics systems
   1. Participate in the process of drug use evaluation
   2. Participate in the operation , evaluation and/or enforcement of the formulary system, if applicable to the site
   3. Participate in the documentation of quality assurance activities
   4. Utilize systems to prevent, manage, and report medication errors and /or drug adverse events
   5. Utilize the various on-site technologies that are part of the dispensing process
   6. Articulate the role of various public, private, and professional entitles that are involved with medication safety and the development of treatment guidelines and/or standards
3. Pharmaceutical dispensing
   1. Determine the acceptability of medication order transmission and legitimacy of purported prescribers
   2. Clarify, edit, and/or correct medication order information when necessary
   3. Determine appropriateness of prescribed drug formulation for specific patients
   4. Prepare or compound various dosage forms
   5. Ensure accuracy and safety of final prepared products
   6. Select appropriate medical supplies and devices for specific patients.
   7. Participate in immunization, services on site ( if available) and in other direct patient medication administration activities ( if available)
4. Public health endeavors
   1. Provide information on poison control and treatment
   2. Promote public awareness of preventive health approaches and disease management that incorporates life-style improvements, nutrition, and prevention
   3. Contribute to the discussion and development of public health policy, public health initiatives and public health promotion activities
5. Communication with patients, caregivers, providers , pharmacy team members
   1. Communicate information to patients and/or caregivers regarding the safe and proper use/storage of medications and devices
   2. Communicate in a fashion that enhances collaboration with other health care providers
   3. Communicate in a collaborative fashion with co-workers and pharmacy team members
   4. Demonstrate effective oral communication skills
   5. Demonstrate effective written communication skills
   6. Identify appropriate sources of evidence-based information geared appropriately to various situations
6. Professionalism and accountability
   1. Display professional demeanor with patients and/or caregivers
   2. Display professional demeanor when collaborating with other health care providers
   3. Demonstrate professionalism in time management
   4. Participate fully in functions and activities of the practice site
   5. Exhibit concern for the well-being of each patient
   6. Assume responsibility for assigned duties/projects
   7. Perform self-assessment, reflection and identification of personal learning necessary to enhance professional growth and development
   8. Demonstrate cultural sensitivity when interacting with colleagues, the public, patients, other health-care providers and others
   9. Demonstrate compassion and empathy for other (patients, caregivers, other health-care providers, colleagues, co-workers, etc.)

2. INTEGRATION OF THE PHARMACISTS’ PATIENT CARE PROCESS

Students involved with the various elements (integrated IPPE activities, IPPE simulations, and IPPE rotations) of the IPPE program will participate in the steps of the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Process*. The steps are:

1. Collect Information
   Collect information from subjective and objective sources about the patient to enhance understanding of relevant medical/medication history and clinical status which includes the following elements:
   1. Current mediation list and history of medication use regarding prescription and nonprescription medications, herbal products and other dietary supplements and complementary alternative medication use
   2. Health data regarding patients’ medication history, health and wellness information, biometric test results, physical assessment findings
   3. Lifestyle habits, preferences and beliefs, socioeconomic factors that may affect patients’ access to care and access to medications
2. Assess Information
   Assess information to evaluate the clinical effects of therapy in context of overall health goals so that problems can be identified and prioritized in the effort to achieve optimal outcomes. This includes assessment of:
   1. Appropriateness, efficacy, safety and adherence issues for each medication
   2. Functional and health status, risk factors, health data, cultural factors, health literacy and access to care/medications
   3. Immunization status and needs for preventive care or other care from other health care providers
3. Develop Care Plans
   Develop individualized, patient-centered care plans collaboratively with other health care professionals as well as with the patient and/or caregivers that is evidence-based and cost effective. This includes a plan that addresses:
   1. Medications-related problems to optimize medication therapy
   2. Goals of therapy necessary to achieve clinical outcomes in context of the patient’s overall health care goals and abilities to access care
   3. Engagement of the patient through education, empowerment and self-management approaches
   4. Consideration of the continuity of care, including follow-up needs and anticipated transitions of care
4. Implement Care Plans
   Implement the care plan in collaboration with other health care professionals as well as with the patient and/or caregivers. The implementation of the care plan involves:
   1. Care directed towards making improvements in medication and health-related problems
   2. Preventive care strategies including immunization
   3. Initiation, modification, discontinuation or administration of medication therapy as allowed by state and/or federal laws
   4. Provision of education and self management training to the patient and/or caregivers
   5. Contributions to the coordination of care, including referral or transition of the patient to another health care professional
   6. Scheduling of follow-up care as needed to achieve goals of therapy
5. Monitor and Evaluate Care Plans
   Follow-up with monitoring and evaluation of the care plan and modify the plan in collaboration with other health care professionals and the patient and/or caregiver, as needed. This process includes ongoing monitoring and evaluation of:
   1. Medication appropriateness, efficacy and safety as well as adherence to a therapeutic plan
   2. Clinical endpoints that contribute to overall health improvement
   3. Outcomes of care, including progress towards the achievement of collaboratively developed goals of therapy

*The Pharmacists’’ Patient Care Process published May 29, 2014 from the Joint Commission of Pharmacy Practitioners (JCPP)